Troubleshoot ZStack Cloud GPU and vGPU resource issues

Issue/Introduction

This article applies to GPU passthrough, vGPU partitioning and restoration, GPU driver installation, NVIDIA vGPU licenses, VM instance startup failures, and abnormal GPU resource display. Confirm the BIOS and IOMMU, host kernel parameters, vfio driver, NVIDIA driver, mdev data, license server, and guest operating system driver together.

Symptoms

• After a GPU is passed through to a VM instance, the guest operating system recognizes it abnormally or driver installation fails.
• Windows Device Manager reports This device cannot find enough free resources that it can use, with error code 12.
• A host displays a vGPU that does not actually exist, and a VM instance fails to start after being scheduled to that host.